Friday, 24 January 2020

The Katy Railroad Or MKT Railroad

The Katy Railroad Or MKT Railroad





I've lived all my life within a very short distance of the MKT or Katy Railroad. It's been as much a part of my life as any other facet of my central Texas upbringing. I remember as a small girl, my dad would take me to the Katy switch-yards and Warden shop in the small town of Bellmead, Texas (near Waco) where I grew up. It was commonly referred to as the Katy Shops. It was fascinating to see so many train tracks converging in one area. Trains have always made my heart race just a bit. I often wondered why. In my early 20s my mother revealed to me that as a small child we lived in a house that sat very close to the tracks and a train startled me pretty badly once. I guess that explains it. I thought I would share a little bit about the MKT, or Katy Railroad with you. It was nicknamed The Katy because K-T was it's stock exchange symbol.





The railroad runs north-south through Missouri, Kansas and Texas, hence the M, the K and the T. It was the first railroad to enter Texas through the north. The Katy Railroad dates back to 1865 when the Union Pacific Railway (later changed to the Missouri Kansas and Texas Railroad in 1870) was chartered to build a line connecting Junction City, Kansas to New Orleans, Louisiana. In 1896, as a publicity stunt the Katy crashed two locomotives at a site that came to be known thereafter as Crush, Texas. It is located about 14 miles north of Waco. I have written a hub about this incident. From 1915 until January 4, 1959, the Katy, in a joint venture with the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway, also known as the Frisco, operated the Texas Special. This luxury passenger train ran from St. Louis to Dallas, Ft. Worth, and San Antonio. It had rail cars with famous Texas names like Sam Houston, Stephen F. Austin, David Crockett, and James Bowie. In 1988 the Katy Railroad was bought out by the Union Pacific Railroad.





Each Audi e-tron charging process begins with a little show: At the push of a button, the motorized charging flap in the driver-side fender opens toward the front to reveal the connector illuminated by a white LED. Next to it is a second LED that indicates the status. A pulsing green light, for example, means charging is active; a steady green light means charging is complete. When the plug is disconnected, the charging flap closes automatically within five seconds. Together with the optional second charger, Audi provides an additional connector on the passenger side for AC charging. The effective thermal management system in the Audi e-tron guarantees fast DC charging with up to 150 kW, long battery life and reproducible road performance even under heavy load. For the customer, this means high performance at all times. The thermal management system of the Audi e-tron comprises four circuits that can be connected in various ways as required.





It cools the electric motors including their rotors, the power electronics and the charger. It also cools and warms both the interior and the high-voltage battery. The rotors, which reach up to 13,300 revolutions per minute during real vehicle operation, consist of magnetically conductive electrical sheets and lightweight, high-purity aluminum. Coolant flows through the inside of the shafts to ensure that the temperature does not exceed 180 degrees Celsius. The stators and end shields of the electric motors are also water-cooled. The gearboxes mounted on the end shields benefit indirectly from this solution. Effective cooling posed new challenges for the developers, particularly with the coaxially arranged electric motor at the rear axle. The solution is to supply the coolant via a double-wall pipe and its ceramic seal on the electric motor rotor. 22 liters (5.8 US gal) of coolant circulate around the 40 meters (131.2 ft) of cooling pipes in the Audi e-tron. Being the hottest components in the powertrain, the electric motors provide the thermal management system with a large quantity of heat.